Can other approaches create safer communities, while avoiding some of the harms of policing? Recent studies have provided support for the notion that the existence or strengthening of nonprofit neighborhood organizations — whether or not they are directly aimed at reducing violence — can have a dramatic effect, particularly on homicides.

Elected officials also face an obstacle course of requests, demands, and options on every issue imaginable; through this, it’s important to remember that following the data is the surest way to build a fairer criminal legal system with a smaller footprint.